Geographical Association

The following bibliographies are taken from books in the GA's Theory into Practice series. These may be of considerable use to teacher educators and their students.

The aim of Theory into Practice is to take aspects of current research into geographical education and relate them directly to classroom practice. The series provides a framework both for challenging current assumptions about the nature of the subject in schools, and for answering these questions in new and well-informed ways.

• Cases and Places
  
• Dramatically Good Geography
  
• Extending Writing Skills
  
• Global Citizenship Education
  
• Maps with Latitude
  
• Moral Dilemmas
  
• Mysteries Make You Think
  
• New Approaches to Fieldwork
  
• Place, Race and Teaching Geography
  
  
  

This book critically examines the teaching of 'place' through case studies in secondary geography, challenging the way case studies are used and offering accessible classroom materials for place study based on place as it is conceptualised in academic geography. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Allen, J. and Massey, D. (1995) Geographical Worlds (Volume 1). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hicks, D. (2001) Citizenship for the Future: A practical classroom guide. Godalming: WWF-UK.

Jackson, P.I.E. (1996) 'Only connect: approaches to human geography' in E.M. Rawling and R.A. Daugherty (eds) Geography into the Twenty First Century. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.

Leat, D. (ed) (1998) Thinking Through Geography. Cambridge: Chris Kington Publishing.

Leat, D. and Nichols, A. (1999) Theory Into Practice: Mysteries Make You Think. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Massey, D. (1991) 'A Global Sense of Place' in Daniels, S. and Lee, R. (eds) Exploring Human Geography: A Reader. London: Arnold.

Massey, D. (1993) 'Questions of locality', Geography, 78, pp. 142-49.

Massey, D. and Jess, P. (1995) 'Places and cultures in an uneven world' in Massey, D. and Jess, P. (eds) A Place in the World? Places, cultures and globalization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Morgan, J. (2000) 'Critical Pedagogy: the spaces that make the difference', Pedagogy, Culture and Society, 8, pp. 273-89.

Rawding, C. (2007) Theory Into Practice: Understanding Place as a Process. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Relph, E. (1976) Place and Placelesness. London: Pion.

Roberts, M. (2003) Learning Through Enquiry: Making sense of geography in the key stage 3 classroom. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Taylor, L. (2004) Representing Geography. Cambridge: Chris Kington Publishing.

Zerubavel, E. (2003) Terra Cognita: The Mental Discovery of America. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

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This book considers how a range of drama strategies can be used to enhance learning in geography lessons. It explores how drama, as a vehicle for creative talking, can contribute both to the quality of learning and to key stage 3 and 4 students' enjoyment of geography. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Adey, K. and Biddulph, M. (2001) 'The influence of student perceptions on subject choice at 14+ in geography and history', Educational Studies, 27, 4, pp. 439-50.

Balderstone, D. (2000) 'Teaching styles and strategies’ in Kent, A. (ed)
Reflective Practice in Geography Teaching. London: Paul Chapman, pp. 113-30.

Biddulph, M. (2001) 'Citizenship education: pedagogical questions' in Lambert, D. and Machon, P. (eds) Citizenship through Secondary Geography. London: RoutledgeFalmer, pp. 182-96.

Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (1998a) 'Inside the black box: raising standards through classroom assessment' (available online at http://www.pdkintl.org/kappan/kbla9810.htm).

Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (1998b) 'Assessment and classroom learning', Assessment in Education, 5, 1, pp. 7-74.

Butt, G. (2001) Theory into Practice: Extending writing skills. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Coyle, D. (1996) 'Language medium teaching in Britain' in Fruhauf, G., Coyle, D. and Christ, I. (eds) Teaching Content in a Foreign Language – Practice and perspectives in European bilingual education. Onderwijs: Stiching Europees Platform voor het Nederlandse.

Department for Education and Employment/Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (DfEE/QCA) (1999a) Geography: The National Curriculum for England (key stages 1-3). London: HMSO.

DfEE/Standards and Effectiveness Unit (SEU) (2001) Literacy Across the Curriculum: Training materials.London: DfEE/SEU.

Durbin, C. (2003) 'Creativity - criticism and challenge in geography', Teaching Geography, 28, 2, pp. 64-9.

Gardner, H. (1993) Multiple Intelligences. The theory in practice. New York: Basic Books.

Joyce, B., Weil, M. and Calhoun, E. (2000) Models of Teaching (sixth edition). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Joyce, B., Calhoun, E. and Hopkins, D. (2002) Models of Learning, Tools for Teaching (second edition). Buckingham: Open University Press.

Kolb, D. (1984) Experiential Learning. London: Prentice Hall.

Lambert, D. (1999) 'Geography and moral education in a supercomplex world: the significance of values education and some remaining dilemmas', Ethics, Place and Environment, 2, 1, pp. 5-18.

Lambert, D. and Lines, D. (2000) Understanding Assessment: Purpose, perceptions, practice. London: RoutledgeFalmer.

Leat, D. (1998) Thinking Through Geography. Cambridge: Chris Kington Publishing.

Leat, D. and Kinninment, D. (2000) 'Learn to debrief' in Fisher, C. and Binns, T. (eds) Issues in Teaching Geography. London: RoutledgeFalmer, pp. 152-72.

NATE Drama Committee (2000) Cracking Drama: Progression in drama within English. Sheffield: National Association for the Teaching of English.

Neelands, J. (1992) Learning Through Imagined Experience: The role of drama in the national curriculum. London: Hodder and Stoughton.

Nicholson, H. (2000) Teaching Drama 11-18. London: Continuum.

Rawling, E. and Westaway, J. (2003) 'Exploring creativity', Teaching Geography, 28, 1, pp. 5-8.

Roberts, M. (1986) 'Talking, reading and writing' in Boardman, D. (ed) Handbook for Geography Teachers. Sheffield: Geographical Association, pp. 68-78.

Roberts, M. (1996) 'Teaching styles and strategies' in Kent, A., Lambert, D., Naish, M. and Slater, F. (eds) Geography in Education: Viewpoints on teaching and learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
pp. 231-59.

Roberts, M. (2003) Learning through Enquiry: Making sense of geography in the key stage 3 classroom. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Shulman, L. (1999) 'Knowledge and teaching: foundations of the new reform' in Leach, J. and Moon, B. (eds) Learners and Pedadagogy. London. Open University.

Starr, L. (2003) 'Creating rubrics: tools you can use' (available online at http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/curr248.shtml).

Taylor, K. (1991) Drama Strategies. Oxford: Heinemann Educational.

Vygotsky, L. (1962) Thought and Language. Cambridge MA: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press.

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This book is primarily concerned with writing in the geography classroom. It focuses on how writing activities set by the teacher can assist or, if used injudiciously, hinder the learning process. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Andrews, R. (ed) (1989) Narrative and Argument. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Bermingham, S., Slater, F. and Yangopoulos, S. (1999) 'Multiple texts, alternative texts, multiple readings, alternative readings', Teaching Geography, 24, 4, pp. 160-4.

Bishop, V. and Prosser, R. (1990) The Environment. Collins Insight Geography. London: Collins Educational.

Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (1998) Inside the Black Box: Raising standards through classroom assessment. London: School of Education, Kings College.

Brownsword, R. (1998) 'Developing empathy through language', Teaching Geography, 23, 1, pp. 16-21.

Butt, G. (1997) 'Language and learning in geography' in Tilbury, D. and Williams, M. (eds) Teaching and Learning Geography. London: Routledge, pp. 154-67.

Butt, G. (1998) 'Increasing the effectiveness of "audience-centred" teaching in geography', International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 7, 3, pp. 203-18.

Carter, R. (ed) (1991) Talking About Geography: The work of geography teachers in the National Oracy Project. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Counsel, C. (1997) Analytical and Discursive Writing at Key Stage 3. Shaftesbury: Historical Association.

Lambert, D. and Balderstone, D. (2000) Learning to Teach Geography in the Secondary School. London: Routledge Falmer.

Leat, D. (1998) Thinking Through Geography. Cambridge: Chris Kington Publications.

Leat, D. (2000) 'The importance of "big" concepts and skills in learning geography' in Fisher, C. and Binns, T. (eds) Issues in Geography Teaching. London: Routledge Falmer, pp. 137-51.

Leat, D. and Kinninment, D. (2000) 'Learn to debrief' in Fisher, C. and Binns, T. (eds) Issues in Geography Teaching. London: Routledge Falmer, pp. 152-71.

Leat, D. and Nichols, A. (1999) Theory into Practice: Mysteries make you think. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Lewis, D. (1989) 'Writing in a humanities classroom' in Slater, F. (ed) Language and Learning in the Teaching of Geography. London: Routledge, pp. 39-58.

Marsden, W.E. (1995) Geography 11-16: Rekindling good practice. London: Fulton.

Martin, N., D'Arcy, P., Newton, B. and Parker, R. (1976) Writing and Learning Across the Curriculum, 11-16. London: Ward Lock.

McCarthy, M. and Carter, R. (1994) Language as Discourse. New York: Longman.

McPartland, M. (2001) Theory into Practice: Moral dilemmas. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Nash, P. (1997) 'Card sorting activities in the geography classroom', Teaching Geography, 22, 1, pp. 22-5.

QCA (1999a) Improving Writing at Key Stages 3 and 4. London: QCA.

QCA (1999b) Technical Accuracy in Writing in GCSE English: Research findings. London: QCA.

Richmond, J. (1986) 'What we need when we write', About Writing (newsletter) 2. National Writing Project. London: SCDC.

Roberts, M. (1986) 'Talking, reading and writing' in Boardman, D. (ed) Handbook for Geography Teachers. Sheffield: Geographical Association, pp. 68-78.

SCAA (1997a) Use of Language: A common approach. London: HMSO.

SCAA (1997b) Geography and the Use of Language. London: HMSO.

Scardamalia, M., Bereiter, C. and Fillion, B. (1981) Writing for Results: A sourcebook of consequential composing activities. Ontario: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.

Sheeran, Y. and Barnes, D. (1991) School Writing: Discovering the ground rules. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Slater, F. (ed) (1989) Language and Learning in the Teaching of Geography. London: Routledge.

Westoby, G. (1999) 'Writing for reading and learning in geography', Teaching Geography, 24, 4, pp. 165-8.

Williams, M. (ed) (1981) Language, Teaching and Learning Geography. London: Ward Lock.

Wray, D. and Lewis, M. (1994) Developing Children's Non Fiction Writing - Working with writing frames. Leamington Spa: Scholastic.

Wray, D. and Lewis, M. (1997) Extending Literacy: Children reading and writing nonfiction. London: Routledge.

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This book demonstrates that geography and global citizenship education have complementary aims, and looks in detail at the classroom strategies used by teachers who have successfully taught global citizenship through geography: most significantly, enquiry-based, participatory approaches. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Bunce, V., Foley. J., Morgan, W. and Scoble, S. (1997) Focus on Castries, St Lucia (revised edition). Sheffield/London: Geographical Association and Worldaware.

Department for Education (1995) Geography in the National Curriculum (England). London: HMSO.

Dove, J. (1999) Immaculate Misconceptions (this series). Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Errington, E. (1991) 'Role play and environmental issues', Australian Journal of Environmental Education, 7, pp. 1-15.

Fountain, S. (1994) Education for Development: Resource for global learning. London: Hodder & Stoughton.

Lynch, J. (1992) Education for Citizenship in a Multi-Cultural Society. London: Cassell.

National Curriculum Council (NCC) (1990) Education for Citizenship. Curriculum Guidance 8. York: NCC.

Oxfam (1997) A Curriculum for Global Citizenship. London: Oxfam.

Plant, M. and Firth, R. (1995) Teaching Through Controversial Issues. Teacher Education Pack. Nottingham: Nottingham Trent University and British Agrochemicals Association.

Pollard, A. and Tann, S. (1993) Reflective Teaching in the Primary School: A handbook for the classroom (second edition). London: Cassell.

Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (1998) 'The national forum for values in education and the community' (consultation document) Guidance for Schools: The Promotion of Pupils' Spiritual, Moral, Social and Cultural Development. London: QCA.

Schon, D.A. (1983) The Reflective Practitioner: How professionals think in action. London: Temple Smith.

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Our globe is the key to geography: no globe = no geography! Yet the globe is often misunderstood, and sometimes simply forgotten. This book discusses new approaches to studying our globe, and to selecting and using world maps. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Boardman, D. (ed) (1986) Handbook for Geography Teachers. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

DES (1991) Geography in the National Curriculum (England). London: DES.

DFE (1995) Geography in the National Curriculum (England). London: HMSO.

Fairbairn, D. and Fairbairn, D. (1998) Mapping: Ways of representing the world. London: Addison Wesley Longman.

Ferriday, A. (1946, 1969) Map Book of World Geography. London: Macmillan.

Fien, J. and Gerber, R. (eds) (1986) Geography Teaching for a Better World. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

Gerber, R. and Lidstone, J. (eds) (1988) Developing Skills in Geographical Education. Brisbane: IGUCGE/Jacaranda Press.

Ghose, Z. (1975) 'Geography Lesson' from Jets from Orange. London: MacMillan.

Goldsmith, Rev. J. (1851) Grammar of Geography (new edition, revised by Hughes, E.). London: Longman.

Heiney, P. (1999) 'Life on the line', The Times (Weekend supplement), 20 March, p. 1.

Hookway, R. (1998) 'Finding a worm in your cabbage: flattening the globe and finding your way around the world', Teaching Geography, 23, 3, pp. 133-4.

Lidstone, J. (ed) (1995) Global Issues of Our Time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Long, M. and Roberson, B. (1966) Teaching Geography. London: Heinemann.

Mills, D. (ed) (1981) Geographical Work in Primary and Middle Schools. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Pape, H. et al. (1985) 'The so-called Peters projection', Cartographic Journal, 22, December, pp. 108-10.

Preece, D. and Wood, H. (1938, 1966) The Foundations of Geography. London: University Tutorial Press.

QCA/DfEE (1999) The National Curriculum: Handbook for secondary teachers. London: QCA.

Sibert, P. (1998) 'Stretching credibility! An activity to teach map projection', Teaching Geography, 23, 4, pp. 196-7.

Sobel, D. (1998) Latitude. London: Fourth Estate.

UNICEF-UK (1983) See the World as it Really is. London: UNICEF-UK.

Wise, M. (1997) 'The school atlas 1885-1915', Paradigm, 23, July, pp1-11.

Wright, D. (1995) 'Maps with a message' in Allen, J. and Massey, D. (eds)
Geographical Worlds. Oxford/Milton Keynes: Oxford University Press/Open University Press, pp. 43-9.

Wright, D.R. (1998) 'Obituary: E.W. Young', Teaching Geography, 23, 2, p. 87.

Wright, D.R. (1999) 'The case for "globography"', Teaching Geography, 24, 4,
pp. 192-3

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This book focuses on the role and value of moral dilemmas in the classroom.
It demonstrates how they may be used to explore the moral dimension to
issues in geography and thus make a contribution to the moral development
of the student. Although primarily aimed at geography teachers this book
will be of value to teachers of other subjects. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Blatt, M.M. and Kohlberg, L. (1975) 'The effects of classroom moral discussion upon children's level of moral judgement', Journal of Moral Education, 4, 2, pp. 129-61.

Bottery, M. (1990) The Morality of the School: Theory and practice of values education. London: Cassell.

Boyle, C.T. (1995) The Tortilla Curtain. London: Bloomsbury.

Bruner, J. (1986) Actual Minds and Possible Worlds. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Crisis (1999) Changing Lives (video). London: Crisis.

DeHaan, R., Hanford, R., Kinlaw, K., Philler, D. and Snarey, J. (1997) 'Promoting ethical reasoning, affect and behaviour among high school students: an evaluation of three teaching strategies’, Journal of Moral Education, 26, 1, p. 520.

DfEE (1999a) National Curriculum: Handbook for secondary teachers in England (KS3&4). London: DfEE.

DfEE (1999b) National Curriculum: Handbook for primary teachers in England (KS1&2). London: DfEE.

Gilligan, C. (1982) In a Different Voice. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.

Gowans, C.W. (1987) Moral Dilemmas. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hardy, B. (1968) The Collected Essays of Barbara Hardy, Volume 1. Brighton: Harvester.

Hawkes, C. and Webster, J. (2000) Too Much and Too Little? Debates on surplus food redistribution. London: Sustain.

Kohlberg, L. (1981) Essays in Moral Development, Volume 1: The philosophy of moral development. San Francisco: Harper & Row.

Labov, W. (1972) Language in the Inner City. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Leat, D. and Nichols, A. (1999) Theory into Practice: Mysteries make you think. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Lickona, T. (1991) Educating for Character. New York: Bantam.

Longacre, E. (1982) The Anatomy of Speech Notions. Lisse: Peter de Ridder.

MacIntyre, A. (1981) After Virtue: A study in moral theory. Indiana: Notre Dame Press.

Mason, P. (1995) Tourism: Environment and development perspectives. Godalming: World Wide Fund for Nature.

Maye, B. (1984) 'Developing valuing and decision making skills in the geography classroom' in Fien, J., Gerber, R. and Wilson, P. (eds) The Geography Teacher's Guide to the Classroom. Melbourne: Macmillan, pp. 29-43.

National Curriculum Council (NCC) (1993) Spiritual and Moral Development. York: NCC.

Ofsted (1994) Spiritual, Moral, Social and Cultural Development: An Ofsted discussion paper. London: Ofsted.

Pring, R. (1984) Personal and Social Education in the Curriculum. London: Hodder & Stoughton.

Proctor, J.D. and Smith, D.M. (eds) (1999) Geography and Ethics: Journeys in a moral terrain. New York: Routledge.

QCA (1997) The Promotion of Pupils’ Spiritual, Moral, Social and Cultural Development. London: QCA.

QCA (1998) Education for Citizenship and the Teaching of Democracy in Schools. London: QCA.

QCA (1999) Preparing Young People for Adult Life. London: QCA.

Sinnot-Armstrong, W. (1988) Moral Dilemmas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Slater, F. (1982) Learning Through Geography. Oxford: Heinemann.

Slater, F. (1996) 'Values: towards mapping their locations in geographical education’ in Kent, W.A., Lambert, D.M.L., Naish, M. and Slater, F. (eds) Geography in Education: Viewpoints on teaching and learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 200-30.

Sustain (2000) Food Poverty: What are the policy options? (A discussion document drawing together over 70 referenced proposals for tackling food poverty.) London: Sustain.

Tappan, M.B. (1990) 'Hermeneutics and moral development: interpreting narrative representations of moral experience', Development Review, 10, pp. 239-65.

Waugh, D. and Bushell, T. (1992) Connections. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes.

White, H. (1981) 'The value of narrativity in the representation of reality' in Mitchell, W. (ed) On Narrative. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 13-14.

Wilson, J. (1990) A New Introduction to Moral Education. London: Cassell.

Wright, D. (2000) Theory into Practice: Maps with latitude. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

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This book outlines the use of Mysteries in the geography classroom, reports on research into their use and discusses how they can help develop students' thinking skills. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Ausubel, D. (1967) Learning Theory and Classroom Practice. Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.

Biggs, J. and Collis, K. (1982) Evaluating the Quality of Learning: The structure of learning outcomes. New York: Academic Press.

Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (1998) 'Assessment and classroom learning', Assessment in Education: Principles, policy and practice (special issue on assessment and classroom learning), 5, 1, pp. 7-74.

Brown, A. (1978) 'Knowing when, where, and how to remember: a problem of metacognition' in Glaser, R. (ed) Advances in Instructional Psychology, Book 1. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Brown, A.L. and Campione, J.C. (1990) 'Communities of learning and thinking, or a context by any other name' in Kuhn, D. (ed) Developmental Perspectives on Teaching and Learning Thinking Skills (Contributions to Human Development series). Basle: Karger.

Brown, A.L., Campione, J.C., Webber, L.S. and McGilly, K. (1992) 'Interactive learning environments: a new look at assessment and instruction' in Gifford, B.R. and O'Connor, M.C. (eds) Alternative Views of Aptitude, Achievement and Instruction. Boston MA: Kluwer Academic.

Brown, J., Collins, A. and Duguid, P. (1989) 'Situated cognition and the culture of learning', Educational Researcher, 18, pp. 32-42.

Chall, J., Jacobs, V. and Baldwin, L. (1990) The Reading Crisis: Why poor children fall behind. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.

Cooper, P. and MacIntyre, D. (1995) Effective Teaching and Learning: Teachers' and pupils' perspectives. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Egan, K. (1988) Teaching as Story Telling: An alternative approach to teaching and curriculum in the elementary school. London: Routledge.

Feuerstein, R. (1980) Instrumental Enrichment. Baltimore MD: University Park Press.

Flavell, J. (1977) Cognitive Development (first edition). Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall.

Gentner, D. and Stevens, K. (eds) (1986) Mental Models. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Greenhough, P. and Hughes, M. (1998) 'Parents' and Teachers' interventions in children's reading', British Educational Research Journal, 24, pp. 383-98.

Halford, G. (1993) Children's Understanding: The development of mental models. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Hatano, G. and Inagaki, K. (1992) 'Desituating cognition through the construction of conceptual knowledge' in Light, P. and Butterworth, G. (eds) Context and Cognition. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, pp. 116.

Leat, D. (1997) 'Getting ambiguous', Educating Able Children, 1, pp. 17-25.

Leat, D. (ed) (1998) Thinking Through Geography. Cambridge: Chris Kington Publishing.

Leat, D. (1999) 'Rolling the stone uphill: teacher development and the implementation of thinking skills programmes', Oxford Review of Education, 25, pp. 387-403.

Leat, D. and Chandler, S. (1996) 'Using concept mapping in geography teaching', Teaching Geography, 21, 3, pp. 108-12.

Mason, L. (1996) 'An analysis of children's construction of new knowledge through their use of reasoning and arguing in classrooms', Qualitative Studies in Education, 3, pp. 411-33.

McPartland, M.F. (1998) 'The use of narrative in geography teaching', The Curriculum Journal, 9, pp. 341-55.

Mercer, N. (1992) 'Context and construction of knowledge in the classroom' in Light, P. and Butterworth, G. (eds) Context and Cognition. Oxford: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

Moll, L. (ed) (1990) Vygotsky and Education: Instructional implications and applications of socio-historical psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nisbet, J. and Shucksmith, J. (1986) The Seventh Sense, Reflections on Learning to Learn. Edinburgh: Scottish Council for Research in Education.

Northumberland County Council (1997) Northumberland 'Thinking Skills' in the Humanities Project. Morpeth: Northumberland CC.

Perkins, D. and Salomon, G. (1988) 'Teaching for transfer', Educational Leadership, 46, pp. 22-32.

Pontecorvo, C. (1990) 'Social context, semiotic mediation, and forms of discourse in constructing knowledge at school' in Mandl, H., De Corte, E., Bennett, S. and Friedrich, H. (eds) Learning and Instruction, European research in an international context: 2:1 Analysis of complex skills and complex knowledge domains. Oxford: Pergamon Press, pp. 1-26.

Powney, J. and Watts, P. (1987) Interviewing in Educational Research. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Stanford, G. (1990) Developing Effective Classroom Groups - A practical guide for teachers (adapted for British edition by Pam Stoate). Bristol: Acora Books.

Vygotsky, L. (1978) 'Mind in society' in Cole, M., John-Steiner, V., Scribner, S. and Souberman, E. (eds) The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wertsch, J.V. (ed) (1985) Culture, Communication and Cognition: Vygotskyan perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.

White, S.H. (1989) 'Foreword' to Newman, D., Griffin, P. and Cole, M. (eds) The Construction Zone. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wiliam, D. (1992) 'Some technical issues in assessment: a user's guide', British Journal for Curriculum and Assessment, 2, pp. 11-20.

Wood, D., Bruner, J.S. and Ross, G. (1976) 'The role of tutoring in problem solving', Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 17, pp. 89-100.

Wood, D. and Wood, H. (1996) 'Vygotsky, tutoring and learning', Oxford Review of Education, 22, pp. 5-16.

Wray, D. and Lewis, M. (1997) Extending Literacy. London: Routledge.

David Caton appraises mainstream approaches to fieldwork in secondary schools and introduces an alternative approach – experiential fieldwork. This aims to engage students with the place they are visiting so they can develop a more rounded, holistic appreciation of it. The rationale for experiential fieldwork, and its main characteristics, are examined in detail, and examples from a range of sources offer ways to enhance the quality and variety of your fieldwork provision. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

Biddulph, M. and Bright, G. (2003) Dramatically Good Geography. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Black, P. and Wiliam, D. (1998) Inside the Black Box: Raising standards through classroom assessment. London: School of Education, Kings College.

Bradford, M. (1995) 'The new A level and AS geography syllabuses', Teaching Geography, 20, 3, pp. 145-8.

Brough, E. (1983) 'Geography Through Art' in Huckle, J. (ed) Geography Education: Reflection and action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Brownsword, R. (1998) 'Developing Empathy Through Language', Teaching Geography, 23, 1, pp. 16-21.

Butt, G. (2001) Theory Into Practice: Extending writing skills. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

Caton, D. (2001) 'An encounter with nature on Box Hill', Teaching Geography, 26, 3, pp. 139-41.

Caton, D. (2006) 'Real world learning through geographical fieldwork' in Balderstone, D. (ed) Secondary Geography Handbook. Sheffield: Geographical Association, pp. 60-73.

Cosgrove, D. and Daniels, S. (1989) 'Fieldwork as theatre: a week’s performance in Venice and its region', Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 13, 2, pp. 169-83.

Counsell, C. (1997) Analytical and Discursive Writing at Key Stage Three. London: Historical Association.

Daniels, S. (1992) 'Place and the geographical imagination' Geography, 77, 4, pp. 310-22.

Dove, J. (1997) 'Perceptual geography through urban trails', Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 21, 1, pp. 79-88.

Durbin C. (2003) 'Creativity – criticism and challenge in geography', Teaching Geography, 26, 2, pp. 64-9.

Fien, J. (1992) Education For the Environment: Critical curriculum theorising and environmental education. Geelong, AUS: Deakin University Press.

Foskett, N.H. and Kent, A. (2002) 'Fieldwork in the school geography curriculum: pedagogical issues and development' in Smith, M. (ed) Teaching Geography in Secondary Schools. London: Routledge Falmer, pp. 160-181.

Frew, J. (1993) Advanced Geography Fieldwork. Walton on Thames: Nelson Thornes.

George, D. (1997) The Challenge of the Able Child. London: David Fulton.

George, J., Clarke, J., Davies, P. and Durbin, C. (2002) 'Helping students to get better at geographical writing', Teaching Geography, 27, 4, pp. 156-59.

Goodey, B. (1982) 'Values in place: interpretations and implications from Bedford' in Gold, J. and Burgess, J. (eds) Valued Environments. London: Allen and Unwin, pp. 10-34

Hall, D. (1981) 'Changing outlooks in geography' in Weigand, P. and Orrell, K. New Leads in Geographical Education: Papers from the 1981 Leeds conference in geographical education. Sheffield: Geographical Association.

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This book deals with racism in the teaching and learning of geography. It describes how teachers can use critical approaches to help students adopt new ways of thinking about difference and offers strategies for doing so. Buy this book at the GeographyShop. View extract.

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